Okay,
I still did not understand the problem itself,
and you probably do not know how my arduino stuff exactly works.
My arduino stuff listen to (reads that) the 4 bit input side of the IC26(74LS145) and writes the 8 bit input side of the IC27(74LS373).
So it does not touch the 10 bit output of the IC26.
Knowing this, maybe I do not have to use diodes after all ?